Psychiatric diseases already exists since ancient times, but only since the 20th century an understanding of them really became apparent → targeted pharmacological treatment

• Epidemiology: Mental disorders are among the most burdensome diseases of the 21st century, next to oncological and cardiovascular diseases
• Two approaches in the treatment of mentally ill stand side by side
• Interpretation of psychiatric diseases in the past
• Examples
• Modern psychiatry in the second half of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century